Holocaust Rememberance Day :: Free Essays

Then they came for me - and there was no one left to speak for me.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We’ve been taught that it is important to know history so that we can understand and learn from past mistakes and avoid repeating them in the future. On May 2nd, millions of people worldwide will remember the victims of the Holocaust as we observe the Holocaust Remembrance Day.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Holocaust is the term that refers to the tragedy of the World War II, specifically the ethnic cleansing carried out by the Nazis. Counting around 11 million deaths, it is undoubtedly one of the most horrendous crimes committed against humanity. Holocaust encompasses the time period from 1938 to 1945; its victims range from Jews to physically disabled. Singled out as the primary target, the Jewish people suffered around 6 million deaths during the Holocaust, that being nearly 65% of European Jewry. However, they were not the only ones.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Germans sought to really â€Å"cleanse† the human race. They targeted all the people who were somehow different from their â€Å"norms†. 5 million people other than Jews were killed during the Holocaust; these included homosexuals, gypsies, disabled, Jehova’s witnesses and Polish people, the list goes on and on. Asides from all the deaths, Nazis are famous for notorious experiments that they performed on â€Å"lower† races in and outside of their concentration camps. They tore apart families, often making parents watch their children being escorted to the gas chambers. 11 million people fled during the Holocaust, imagine how many lost their families.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On May 2nd you will see black tablecloths and burning candles on them. You can also see some movies and statistics. When you do see this, stop for just a second and think about those 11 million. If anything good can ever come out of the Holocaust, let it be the lesson for future generations. This lesson can be summarized in words of Martin Niemoller, an anti-Nazi German

L’Oréal And It’s Strategy Analysis Essay

Introduction L’Orà ©al is the company that I choose to be discussed. The reason why I choose this company is because they are the world leading cosmetic and beauty product’s company and they have a strong strategy for me to discuss on. L’Orà ©al is a cosmetics and beauty products’ company and it was founded at Clichy, France in 1909. Eugà ¨ne Schueller is the founder of the company, who became an instructor at the Sorbonne after completed his study in the Institute for Applied Chemistry in Paris. L’Orà ©al was primarily named as Socià ©tà © Francaise des Teintures Inoffensives pour Cheveux which means French Society for Inoffensive Tincture of Hair. It is a French based company which headquartered in Paris. There are over 130 countries operating this company like South and North America, Africa and Middle East, Europe, Asia and others, with up to 25 international brands. The international brands under L’Orà ©al include L’Orà ©al Professiona l, Lancà ´me Paris, Kiehl’s, Shu Uemura, Kà ©rastase and others. Production and marketing is the main scopes that focus by the company beside the dermatological and pharmaceutical fields. They are more concentrate on hair colours, skin care, fragrances and perfumes, cosmetic products and styling products which are specially created for individual and professional customers. They also came out with kids’ products which are known as L’Orà ©al Kids. The research team of L’Orà ©al was first started with only 3 chemists but it is now expanded to nearly 2000 chemists. Now, there are five research and development centre of L’Orà ©al globally. L’Orà ©al have a slogan of â€Å"Because we’re worth it†, which is also their vision statement. The reason why they have this vision is because of building a good customer relationship is what the company priority concern. This is to provide consumers with more satisfied products by the company’s lifestyle and philosophy. L’Orà ©al believes that everyone aspires to beauty. This is where they come out with their mission statement and made the business more meaningful and valuable. They wish to help everyone in the world, no matter male or female, get knows to their own aspiration and fully acquit their personalities. L’Orà ©al is the world’s leading cosmetics and beauty products’ company. Previously, Procter & Gamble was at the top ranking in this industry. By the substantive focus in L’Orà ©al, they are capable in targeting on more investment in Research and Development as well as advertising. Through the investment, it also enables the company become a  powerful force within the industry. In additional, L’Orà ©al also became the world’s biggest supplier for cosmetic products which hold over 19% market shares. By contrast, the company that ranked second, which is the Està ©e Lauder was quite far distant from L’Orà ©al as it occupied only 8%. With the help of cutting-edge technology, L’Orà ©al also took a strong pace in the introduction of their skin care products. Strategic Analysis SWOT Analysis of L’Orà ©al Strengths The main strength of L’Orà ©al is to offer the best products to their customers by continually conducting strong and new research, innovation and development in the concept of beauty. They are also leading the beauty and cosmetic industry with this type of research strategy, even in the competition market. Besides, L’Orà ©al situated more consideration in their specific actions and events. Their actions and events basically will be divided into five groups and the consumer product division as the main. In consumer product division, all their scopes are published through a gigantic market. Secondly is their luxury product division that included international brands. These products can get it through perfumeries, department outlet and duty free outlets. The next is their expert hair care items utilized by the expert beauticians and market through hair salon. This has been categorized into the professional product division and this division helps to keep up the nature of L’oreal Group. Other than that, another ability of L’Orà ©al is about their advertising strategy that being the key element toward the growth of the company. Throughout accomplishing the nature of their target market promotes through advertisement is the most ideal way. Weaknesses Dispersible of the hierarchical structure within a company is the greatest shortcoming which is usually faced by most of the organization including L’Orà ©al. On account of the numerous subdivisions of L’Orà ©al make it harder to run and control by the company. Thus, as a result of this, the manufactures of organization become more inefficient. Another weakness which the organization confronts is that their profits. The margin between their  cost price and offering cost is relatively lower than their other minor rivals. Thus, the profit they earn is different from their expectation. This is likewise happening in extensive advertisement and marketing. Last but not least, L’Orà ©al’s multinational promoting strategy is also their weakness. The reason why is become their shortcoming is mainly due to a few distinctions happened in the promotion and campaign of L’Orà ©al products, in the matter of what kind of image they are trying to present. Opportunities L’Orà ©al Group targeted on providing beauty and makeup products for different age levels of ladies. The constant market demand on these beauty products had allow L’Orà ©al to take the opportunity to focus on their areas of expertise, especially on their hair styling and colour, fragrance and perfume, cosmetics and skin cares. L’Orà ©al appeared with a famous and familiar image around the world even in those developing countries. This company acts as the pioneer brand in the industry as well. Another open door for the organization is that they obtained a lot of market share because of numerous registered patents by L’Orà ©al. Threats For L’Orà ©al, the greatest threat they commonly meet is that they need to confront with competitions among the same industry. Because their products continue to increase with, and therefore this may cause other brands took L’Orà ©al advantage of their profits. Besides, different economic conditions can also pose a threat to L’Orà ©al. Since the greater parts of the products are just inside the range of the populace of developed nations yet in some way L’Orà ©al takes care of this issue. Moreover, they produce products for the populace of under developed nations. In this manner, although the public do not think that L’Orà ©al’s products are daily needs, and it may be accompanied rejection, but the company is still in the best production lines to produce their products. Porter’s Five Force Model of L’Orà ©al Rivalry among the competitive firms (High) Various companies’ competitiveness, for example Proctor and Gamble, Avon, Estee Lauder and Shiseido push L’Orà ©al into the more elevated amount of rivalry in the current business of cosmetic and skin care products. These  contenders attempt to increase more market shares by keeping implement various strategies. L’Orà ©al needs nonstop quality enhancements for every production line in order to guarantee survival of this company in the industry. They must enhance their marketing channels with the assistance of highest technology and innovation to obtain more market share and globally targeted their market. Potential Entrants (Low) It can be considered very low in the participation of potential entrants into this moderate industry. The market already exists with strong company like Estee Lauder, Avon, Olay, Proctor and Gamble, as well as L’Orà ©al. This is very obvious that, there will be no serious threat or maybe little threat from any beginner of the business. L’Orà ©al does not appear to have such a tremendous risk from any potential entrants. Potential Developments of Substitutes (Low) Aging is the main reason why people around the world need skin cares. As a leader in cosmetic and beauty sector, L’Orà ©al seem like does not disturb by any potential substitute that come into the market. In additional, there is less substitution in the anti-aging products and so, it brings less threat to the market. Bargaining Power of Suppliers (LOW) L’Orà ©al in the profession is a giant, has the huge capacity that their production is exceeding 45 billion units every year, and therefore the supplier will have little opportunity to pose the enormous threat to L’Orà ©al. It is huge in world the quantity of supplier. Therefore the supplier has few or simply does not have the ability to bargain with L’Orà ©al. Therefore, L’Orà ©al not faced with too many threats from its supplier. Bargaining Power of Customers (High) The appearances of numerous powerful competitors like Procter & Gamble, Shiseido, Avon and other companies cause higher bargaining power of customer in the market. Because the usability of different company’s different products are high, the potential customer has the choice to go for other companies. Therefore, L’Orà ©al faced with threat of lack of customer. In this situation, L’Orà ©al must deal with this threat earnestly, as to maintain the  market share of this company in profession.

Who Invented the Spinning Jenny

During the 1700s, a number of inventions set the stage for an industrial revolution in weaving. Among them were the flying shuttle, the spinning jenny, the spinning frame, and the cotton gin. Together, these new tools allowed for the handling of large quantities of harvested cotton. Credit for the spinning jenny, the hand-powered multiple spinning machine invented in 1764, goes to a British carpenter and weaver named James Hargreaves. His invention  was the first machine to improve upon the spinning wheel. At the time, cotton producers had a difficult time meeting the demand for textiles, as each spinner produced only one spool of thread at a time. Hargreaves found a way to ramp up the supply of thread. Key Takeaways: Spinning Jenny Carpenter and weaver James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny but sold too many before he applied for a patent.The spinning jenny wasnt only Hargeaves idea. Many people were trying at the time to invent a device to make textile manufacture easier.The increased size of the spinning jenny led to spinners moving their work to factories and out of the home. Spinning Jenny Definition Print Collector/Getty Images The people who took the raw materials (such as wool, flax, and cotton) and turned them into thread were spinners who worked at home with a spinning wheel. From the raw material they created a roving after cleaning and carding it. The roving was put over a spinning wheel to be twisted tighter into thread, which collected on the devices spindle. The original spinning jenny had eight spindles side by side, making thread from eight rovings across from them. All eight were controlled by one wheel and a belt, allowing for much more thread to be created at one time by one person. Later models of the spinning jenny had up to 120 spindles. James Hargreaves and His Invention Hargreaves’ story begins in Oswaldtwistle, England, where he was born in 1720. He had no formal education, was never taught how to read or write, and spent most of his life working as a carpenter and weaver. Legend has it that Hargreaves daughter once knocked over a spinning wheel, and as he watched the spindle roll across the floor, the idea of the spinning jenny came to him. This story, however, is a legend. The idea that Hargreaves named his invention after either his wife or his daughter is also a long-standing myth. The name jenny actually came from the English slang for engine. Hargreaves invented the machine around 1764, perhaps an improvement on one created by Thomas High that collected thread on six spindles. In any case, it was Hargreaves machine that was adopted widely. It came at a time of technological innovation in looms and weaving as well. Opposition to the Spinning Jenny After inventing the spinning jenny, Hargreaves built a number of models and started to sell them to locals. However, because each machine was capable of doing the work of eight people, spinners became angry about the competition. In 1768, a group of spinners broke into Hargreaves house and destroyed his machines to prevent them from taking away their work. Increased production per person eventually led to the drop in prices paid for the thread. Opposition to the machine caused Hargreaves to relocate to Nottingham, where he found a business partner in Thomas James. They set up a small mill to supply hosiery makers with suitable yarn. On July 12, 1770, Hargreaves took out a patent on a 16-spindle spinning jenny and soon after sent notice to others who were using copies of the machine that he would pursue legal action against them. The manufacturers he went after offered him a sum of 3,000 pounds to drop the case, less than half of Hargreaves requested 7,000 pounds. Hargreaves ultimately lost the case when it turned out that the courts had rejected his patent application. He had produced and sold too many of his machines before filing for the patent. The technology was already out there and being used in many machines. The Spinning Jenny and the Industrial Revolution Prior to the spinning jenny, weaving was done at home, in literal cottage industries. Even an eight-spindle jenny could be used in the home. But when the machines grew, to 16, 24, and eventually to 80 and 120 spindles, the work then moved to factories. Hargreaves invention not only decreased the need for labor but also saved money in the transportation of raw materials and completed products. The only drawback was that the machine produced thread that was too coarse to be used for warp threads (the weaving term for the yarns that extend lengthwise in a loom) and could only be used to make weft threads (the crosswise yarns). It was also weaker than what could be made by hand. However, the new production process still lowered the price at which fabric could be made, making textiles more available to more people. The spinning jenny was commonly used in the cotton industry until about 1810, when the spinning mule replaced it. These major technological improvements in looms, weaving, and spinning led to the growth of the textile industry, which was a significant part of the birth of factories. The British Library notes, Richard Arkwright’s cotton factories in Nottingham and Cromford, for example, employed nearly 600 people by the 1770s,  including many small children, whose nimble hands made light-work of spinning. Arkwrights machines had solved the problem of the weak threads. Other industries were not far behind in moving out of the local shop to large factories. The metalworks industry (producing parts for steam engines) was also moving to factories at this time. Steam-powered engines had made the Industrial Revolution possible—and the ability to set up factories in the first place—by being able to supply steady power to run large machines.

Taking a Look at the Bauhaus Movement - 3007 Words

Bauhaus reformed design culture by presenting a cross-disciplinary curriculum and incorporated the juncture of modernization and vision. The Bauhaus movement arose in 1919 when Walter Gropius established a school with a concept of bridging the gap amongst art and industry by joining crafts and fine arts. Preceding the Bauhaus movement, fine arts like architecture and design were viewed in more regard than craftsmanship, but Gropius stressed that all trades, involving art, architecture and geometric design, could be jointed and manufactured. The Bauhaus movement stresses â€Å"truth to materials† as the main idea, which means that material ought to be used in its most suitable and â€Å"honest† form, and its nature mustn’t be changed. While Bauhaus has influences in art, commerce and technology, it has been most instrumental in modern-day furniture design. Overall, the Bauhaus movement bridged the gap amid art, industry, design and functionality. When thirty-six-year-old Walter Gropius envisioned the Bauhaus, it was to offer the larger world practical designs in which practice trailed purpose, and embellishment and fluff were removed. His private life was chaotic, his intimate relationships turbulent. He planned to create a graphic environment as meek and composed as his emotional state was boisterous. Gropius expounded on anonymity and a sense of service as the fundaments of his revolutionary art school. In this group of studios, students and masters would work hand in hand, as hadShow MoreRelatedModern Day Era And Its Impact On Our Society1692 Words   |  7 Pagesmost well-known movements in type, which introduced new principals and brought change to type, would be the Bauhaus movement and Futurist movement. These two movements have brought forth change and principals that have influenced the typography work in todays world. In this essay I will be discussing how the Bauhaus movement and the Futurist movement are differen t in terms of their philosophy of type, the characteristics and works of art. The philosophy of these two movements are different inRead MoreArt As An Emotional Outlet Essay1474 Words   |  6 Pagesin a period of artists with new ideas and intentions. Two twentieth century movements, Bauhaus and Minimalism, were not created to be symbolic or emotionally stirring as much of the art of the past had been. Instead, they were movements focused on functionality and simplicity. They disregarded the complex, realistic styles that had been popular throughout history and exchanged it with minimalistic styles. These movements ushered in a style that would heavily impact artists even today. MinimalismRead MoreInfluence Of The Bauhaus School Of Design1028 Words   |  5 Pageseveryday lives and it creates what we call society. The Bauhaus of design had influence creation of the modern architecture. The development of new ideas or ways of thinking, the production of new things such as the use of glass, use of concrete, and the union between industrial design in art. All of these is taking credit for the influence of the Bauhaus school of design. Bauhaus has influenced many countries around the world creating a movement of visual communication. Its art has increased greatlyRead MoreRaymond Loewy s Influence On The Modern World Essay1646 Words   |  7 Pagesthrough function and simplification† (Loewy and Porter, 2002), showing how Loewy’s designs were influenced by the Bauhaus school of design. This influenced the design greatly, as the form was stripped back to ensure maximum functionality, and there was no unnecessary decoration which was a reaction to the ornate design of the Art Deco Movement - of which streamlining was a splinter movement of. This redesign of the Mimeograph was very sleek and was a product whose function was obvious, allowing easeRead MoreThe First Phase Of The Modern Movement Essay2119 Words   |  9 PagesDuring the modern movement in 1924 Marianne Brandt designed and built the tea infuser MT49 in the first phase of the modern movement. The first phase of the modern movement was kno wn as the pioneer phase which was comprised of many movements/styles. Brandt was apart of the Bauhaus movement and her design does reflect some of the principles of modernism according to Paul Greenhalgh’s point of view of what modernism is. The modern movement removed all forms of ornamentation and focused on the qualityRead MoreThe Modernism Movement During World War I1809 Words   |  8 Pages(Heller, 2012). In a way, this was true. The modernism movement in graphic design started after World War 1, influencing the world after a time of war and hardship - just when it was vulnerable and needed it most. Modern artists of the time had the opinion that art and design should echo life in the consitutional revolution and communicate with a modern audience through deeper ideas and values in their design and art works. The Modernist movement broke away from traditions in thinking, society and artRead MoreGraphic Design Of A Graphic Designer Essay1870 Words   |  8 PagesGermany created Bauhaus Exhibition Poster. The other piece of design I have decided to analyse is a two-page spread of the edition of works of Geoffrey Chaucer. This was the Kelmscott press finest achievement; it was designed by William Morris and illustra ted by his friend Burne-Jones. This was the most beautiful book of its day; it serves as a tribute to â€Å"Chaucer† and to Morris himself. (Meggs, P., Purvis, A. 2006). These design outcomes came from two very contrasting movements. The Arts and craftRead MoreGraphic Design Of The Bauhaus School2872 Words   |  12 Pagesone of the most exciting and adaptable forms of communication in graphic design. One of the most important stepping stones in the development of typography was the ground-breaking art school called the Bauhaus. During this remarkable period of change, nestled between the two World Wars, the Bauhaus helped to break the limits of traditional text and paved the way for modern typographic design. This innovative art school was opened in 1919 by Walter Gropius - an architect who believed that the collaborationRead MoreModernism And Modernism1361 Words   |  6 Pagescompany. With financial support from his uncle, he brought photographic equipment and set up his own studio† (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Sander) â€Å"In the early 1920s, he came in contact with a radical group of artists linked to the workers movement which, as Wieland Schmied put it ‘sought to combine constructivism and objectivity, geometry and object, the general and the particular, avant-garde conviction and political engagement, and which perhaps approximated most to the forward looking ofRead MorePaul Klee Biography Essay606 Words   |  3 Pagesextremely interested in drawing and music. His parents pushed music in their household however the rebellious Paul viewed music of the time as â€Å"meaningless† and stuck to the path of drawing and art. Paul Klee’s artwork was heavily influenced by movements in art that included expressionism, futurism, cubism, and surrealism. Although widely known for his physically small, abstract artwork that resembled hieroglyphic puzzles, Klee will long be remembered for his writings that were extremely valuable

Oedipus Key Passage Analysis - 1366 Words

Name: Simran Bhatia Key Passage Outline Title of the work: Oedipus Author: Sophocles Chapter: Scene 2 (Creon’s long part) Page number: 1000 Revelation of Theme Character Both State the theme: Creon is very power hungry, yet very intelligent. Why is this a key passage? I believe this was a key passage as it is revealed to the readers just how cunning Creon really is, taking advantage of being powerful without having to live up to the people’s expectations. What techniques does the author use in the passage to illuminate a theme and/ or a character? The author uses characterization to illuminate this character. How does†¦show more content†¦This could symbolize that basically from birth, Oedipus was stuck with his fate/Apollo’s prophecy. Blindness: Albeit he was physically blind, Tiresias could see everything. Oedipus, who was born with eye that gave him sight, was blind to who he was and what he had done. Once he realizes who he really was (his wife’s son, the king’s murderer) and sees the truth, he blinds himself. The Crossroad: Oedipus kills Laius at the crossroads while entering Thebes. Oedipus had run away from home as he was told that he would kill his father and marry his mother (he had thought Polybus and Merope were his parents). Usually when someone is at crossroads, they have to make an important decision and are stuck between choices; Oedipus had the choice to obey Laius or kill him, but fate got the best of him, and Oedipus had killed him. Themes: Fate cannot be changed. Textual support for themes: Laius was told that his son would kill him and marry his wife. When his wife, Jocasta, gave birth to a son, she had bounded his feet and gave him to a shepherd leave in the mountains (so that the baby would die). 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He also believed that a girl?s negative complex is more emotionally intense than that of a boy, resulting potentially, in a woman of submissive, insecure personality (Bullock: 259).; but On the other hand, Lacanon top of the Oedipus and ManquRead MoreAnalysis of Erik, Phantom of the Opera Using Two Contrasting Personality Theories4920 Words   |  20 Pagesï » ¿Analysis of Erik, Phantom of the Ope ra Using Two Contrasting Personality Theories The tremendously popular and well-known Andrew Lloyd Webber’s 1986 musical production of The Phantom of the Opera was based on the French novel Le Fantà ´me de lOpà ©ra written by Gaston Leroux in1910 (Leroux, 1910/1990). 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Global Health Nursing Primary Health Care/Primary Care Free Essays

Global Health Nursing Primary Health Care/Primary Care This discussion will cover the demographic trends that impact global health today, look at patterns of health and disease that impact global health, explain the difference between primary health care and primary care, and review the World Health Organizations (WHO) priority for global health. There are many factors that affect global health including population, environment, and disease. One of the greatest pressures on the global community is the growing population. We will write a custom essay sample on Global Health Nursing Primary Health Care/Primary Care or any similar topic only for you Order Now This demographic trend has a great impact on global health. The global population was 2. 8 billion in 1955 and is 5. 8 billion now. It will increase to about 8 billion by the year 2025. Average life expectancy at birth in 1955 was just 48 years; in 1995 it was 65 years; in 2025 it will reach 73 years (World Health Organization [WHO], 2012). The increasing population means more people living in urban areas; therefore the closer we live together the increased chance of disease and illness. The added people also puts an increased stress on the environment leading to air pollution, water contamination, and less land to depend on for food. The growing numbers presents a threat to health and the economy of many nations. In developing counties, malnutrition and disease are problematic; whereas in developed countries overcrowding leads to pollution, disease, and violence. With increasingly dense living arrangements and global travel, the health of the general populations is threatened by environmental factors and disease, for example, the H1N1 influenza pandemic (Nies McEwen, 2011, p. 270). Mortality rate, based on disease patterns, vary throughout the world. The biggest difference depends on if it is in a developed country or a developing country. Of 57 million deaths worldwide in one year, 33 million are from noncommunicable disease, 18 million are from communicable diseases, and 5 million are from injuries and violence (Nies McEwen, 2011, p. 271). Developed countries have the highest mortality rate of chronic disease patterns such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, respiratory disease, stroke, violence, and traumatic injury. While developing countries have the highest mortality rates of infection, malnutrition, and violence. Developed countries are able to reduce mortality rate due to diseases by improving sanitation and immunization through community health. As a country becomes developed, an epidemiological change occurs from risk of infection and malnutrition to having chronic disease. In developing countries, infectious diseases that contribute to high rates of mortality include acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), tuberculosis, endemic malaria, hepatitis B, rheumatic heart disease, parasitic infection, and dengue fever. Yet, these diseases could be reduced by 50% through effective public health interventions (Nies McEwen, 2011, p. 71). When we discuss the global community, some tend to get the terms primary health care and primary care confused. Primary health care refers to essential services that support a healthy life including access, availability, service delivery, community participation, and the citizen’s right to health care. In contrast, primary care refers to first-line or p oint-of-access medical and nursing care controlled by providers and focused on the individual (Nies McEwen, 2011, p. 276). In developing countries focusing on the individual in not realistic, the main focus is on the group, therefore primary health care is first priority. One must meet the basic needs such as safe drinking water and food before we can provide individual care. Promoting health worldwide is a great challenge. Several agencies play a part in accomplishing this goal, including the WHO. The WHO stated a goal of â€Å"health for all by the year 2000† back in the 70’s. This goal was then extended to 2010 once it was unattained. Working for the WHO as a nurse would require one to open their mind and think more broadly. The main focus would be solving the problems of the health care delivery system (Nies McEwen, 2011, p. 275) in order to accomplish the stated goal. As nurses’ we need to look at the comparison between developed and developing counties because there is much we can learn. There is a need for health care reform, and the goal of â€Å"health for all† should guide this. Cuba and Canada were both recognized for reaching the goal of â€Å"health for all†. Collective responsibility or population-based focus must be established with less emphasis on the individual (Nies McEwen, 2011, p. 275). Prevention is the first line of defense for the reduction of disease and illness. As a nurse working for the WHO, my main focus would be health care reform. Read also: The Advantage of Free Health Care Nursing, as the pivotal health care profession, is well positioned to advocate on behalf of, and in concert with, individuals, families, and communities who are in desperate need of a well-financed, functional, and coordinated health care system that provides safe, high-quality care. Accessible, affordable, and high-quality health care will positively contribute to our individual health, the strength of society, our national well-being, and overall productivity (American Nurses Association [ANA], 2008, p. 4). References American Nurses Association. (2008). ANA’s health system reform agenda. Retrieved from http://www. nursingworld. org/Content/HealthcareandPolicyIssues/Agenda/ANAsHealthSystemReformAgenda. pdf Nies, M. A. , McEwen, M. (2011). Globalization and international health. In Community/public health nursing: promoting the health of populations (5th ed. , p. 269-283). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Sanders. World Health Organization. (2012). Global health observatory. Retrieved from http://www. who. int/gho/ncd/mortality_morbidity/ncd_total/en/index. html World Health Organization. (2012). The world health report. Retrieved from http://www. who. int/whr/1998/media_centre/50facts/en/ How to cite Global Health Nursing Primary Health Care/Primary Care, Essay examples

Court clashes over free speech Essay Example For Students

Court clashes over free speech Essay Americas courtrooms have become the new battle front in the continuing culture wars. Currently stuck in a quagmire of litigation is the documentary Damned in the USA. Winner of a 1991 International Emmy, the film examines the ongoing controversy over the National Endowment for the Arts funding of controversial and sexually explicit art. British director Paul Yule and co-producer Jonathan Stack filmed an interview with ultraconservative crusader Rev. Donald Wildmon of the American Family Association and juxtaposed it with images from the homoerotic photographs of Robert Mapplethorpe. The film aired to accolades on Britains Channel 4 and was subequently shown on Swedish and Spanish television. But when the film was featured at the Margaret Mead Film Festival at New Yorks Museum of Natural History, Rev. Wildmon filed a multi-million-dollar lawsuit claiming the filmmakers. had violated a contract requiring his organizations permission for distribution of the film in the U.S. In April, Channel 4 and a group of film, religious and civil liberties organizations countersued, arguing that the contract merely forbade making the interview available to other media and only gave Wildmon copyrights to his interview. A federal court hearing was set for May 1 in New Yorks southern district. A jury in Chattanooga, Tenn. has rejected that citys attempt to ban a performance of the musical Oh! Calcutta! The controversy began last year when city officials refused to permit the shows producer to lease either of two municipally owned theatres. Chattanooga went to civil court seeking judicial support for its decision, arguing that the show was obscene under community standards and in violation of local laws prohibiting public nudity. Although no jury was required for the civil suit, the judge empaneled an advisory jury. After a week-long trial, Oh! Calcutta! was found not to be obscene, even in Chattanooga. A Washington state judge has issued a partial judgment against the Janis Joplin estate, which had sued playwright Susan Ross and two producers who staged a play based on the life of the 60s rock star. The Joplin estate claimed that the play Janis, which premiered in Seattle in May 1991, infringed the estates right of publicity. The estate claimed it had exclusive rights to use the name, persona and style of Joplin, and objected in particular to the second act of the play, which imitated a Joplin concert. The estate sold exclusive rights to Joplins persona to a New York producer who plans to open Love, Janis, a play written by Joplins sister Laura Joplin, next year on Broadway, followed by a film, radio special and release of a set of CDs and tapes. A friend of the court brief filed by the American Civil Liberties Union argued that the right of publicity gives a celebritys estate control over commercial items such as souvenir T-shirts and mugs, but not over artistic endeavors. Canada, also experiencing the sturm und drang of freedom of expression disputes, has boldly broken new legal ground. The Supreme Court, in a unanimous decision, set a precedent and expressly accepted the argument that pornography harms women. The decision bans sexual material that portrays violence toward or degradation of women, despite the obvious infringement on freedom of expression. The courts new standard allows prosecutors to decide which materials violate community standards or tolerance and meet the test of undue sexual exploitation. It should be noted, however, that this decision did not overrule the Canadian law that protects sexually explicit material that is part of a serious theme or has an artistic purpose. Finally, the NEA four Karen Finley, John Fleck, Holly Hughes and Tim Miller are awaiting a judges decision on their pending suit against the Endowment, which charges the agency with unconstitutionally rejecting their grant applications. .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5 , .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5 .postImageUrl , .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5 , .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5:hover , .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5:visited , .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5:active { border:0!important; } .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5:active , .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5 .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u82d23ac788f3ad0fdf73270a1c6b91f5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: They might be elves EssayNEA on Record Sixteen playwrights have received 1992 fellowships from the National Endowment for the Arts totaling $200,000 and ranging from $10,000 to $17,000. The recipients are Sheri Bailey of Venice, Calif.; Jon Robin Baitz, Kitty Chen, Richard Foreman, J.E. Franklin, Len Jenkin and Lanie Robertson of New York; Michael Erickson of Seattle; OyamO (Charles F. Gordon) of Ann Arbor, Mich. Also Philip Kan Gotanda of San Francisco; Syl Jones of Excelsior, Minn.; Ben L. Kreilkamp of Minneapolis; G.C.G. McKay of Kailua, Hawaii; Kathryn Schultz Miller of Cincinnati; Lanford Wilson of Sag Harbor, N.Y.; and Suzan L. Zeder of Austin, Tex. The NEA also awarded $1.3 million in 1992 Opera-Musical Theater grants. The 19 grants ranged from $5,000 to $59,300 and went to a diverse array of recipients.